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Yahoo!奇摩知識+ - 分類問答 - 科學常識 - 已解決
Yahoo!奇摩知識+ - 分類問答 - 科學常識 - 已解決 
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三角形內心坐標
Oct 22nd 2014, 16:05

三角形三內角的平分線交於一點,此點稱為此三角形的內心

方法1
利用內心到三邊距離相等(可由AAS全等得知)
先求出三角形任三邊方程式
如AB方程式 (y-1)/(x-7) =(5-1)/(-1-7)
x+2y-9 =0
BC方程式 (y-1)/(x-7)=(-3-1)/(5-7)
2x-y-13=0
AC方程式 (y-5)/(x+1)=(-3-5)/(5+1)
4x-3y+19=0
內心(xi,yi)到AB距離= 內心(x,y)到BC距離= 內心(x,y)到AC距離
│xi+2yi-9│/√5= │2xi-yi-13│/ √5=│4xi-3yi+19│/5
聯立 可得內心(xi,yi)

方法2
連接頂點A與內心,並延長交BC邊於D點
=> ∠BAD=∠CAD = ∠A/2
∠ADB+∠ADC=180∘

對△ABD,使用正弦定理ˇ
BD/sin ∠BAD = AB/sin ∠ADB ...............(1式)
對△ACD,使用正弦定理ˇ
CD/sin ∠CAD = AC/sin ∠ADC
=AC/sin (180∘-∠ADC)=AC/sin ∠ADB....(2式)

.(1式)/(2式) BD/CD= AB/AC =>BD: CD =AB : AC = c:b
(AB長為c, AC長為b)
=> D坐標= B坐標*b/(b+c) + C坐標 *c/(b+c)

連接B與內心I ,再次使用正弦定理,可得AI:DI =AB: DB = b+c : a
(BC長為a)
=> I坐標= A坐標*a/(a+b+c) + D坐標 *(b+c)/(a+b+c)

參考資料 http://blog.xuite.net/wang620628/twblog/126092597-%E5%85%A7%E5%BF%83%E5%BA%A7%E6%A8%99%E5%85%AC%E5%BC%8F%E8%88%87%E9%87%8D%E5%BF%83%E5%BA%A7%E6%A8%99%E5%85%AC%E5%BC%8F%E8%AD%89%E6%98%8E

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